Star Plot

http://assessment.tki.org.nz/Assessment-tools-resources/Alignment-of-tools-with-National-Standards/Reading/Observation-Survey

Star plots use different colored lines going around a central location to usually 5 points or variables. The closest the line comes to the point the greater the variable is present for that data. This star map shows how students scored on a national standards test. 

Correlation Matrix

http://jiad.org/article29.html

Correlation matrixes are used to compare how values are related to one another. This correlation matrix is illustrates the characteristics or attributes associated with the adoption of persuasive internet communication.

Similarity Matrix

http://www.giseis.alaska.edu/Seis/EQ/tools/GISMO/correlation_cookbook/correlation_cookbook.html

A Similarity matrix is meant to show the correlation between two different sets of data. The more discolored the graph is, the lesser the correlation. This graph shows the maximum cross-correlation values between each pair of traces.

Stem and Leaf Plot

http://mainland.cctt.org/mathsummer/josephbond/stemandplots/stem-and-leaf_std.htm

Stem and leaf plots are used to numerically organize sets of data. The stem is the greatest place value and the leaf represents the remainder of the number essentially. Stem and leaf plots are used for compiling numerical data in a graphical representation. 

Box Plot

http://www.stat.yale.edu/Courses/1997-98/101/boxplot.htm

Box plots are usually used to organize data in to five categories. The lines that extend from the boxes are used to represent the variability of the upper and lower quartiles. This graph illustrates the lottery payoffs over three time periods.

Histogram

http://www.mathsisfun.com/data/histograms.html

Histograms show the frequency at which sets of data occur. Each bar represents a specific range and the height of the bar determines the frequency that each variable occurs. Teachers can use this to illustrate how students score on exams to easily determine trends. This graph is an example doing exactly that.

Parallel Coordinate Map

http://www.juiceanalytics.com/writing/parallel-coordinates/

Parallel coordinate maps are used to illustrate multiple sets of data. This parallel coordinate map compares various characteristics of cars like acceleration, miles per gallon, weight, horsepower, etc.